Article XML http://www.cardielos.net/modules/article/view.article.php/8/c7 2010-07-29T20:31:06+01:00 http://www.cardielos.net/modules/article/ http://www.cardielos.net/modules/article/images/logo.png text/html 2008-02-19T15:19:35+01:00 http://www.cardielos.net/modules/article/ cardielos http://www.cardielos.net/modules/article/view.article.php/8/c7 Category: Fauna de Cardielos (Portugues)<br />Summary: O estorninho-comum (Sturnus vulgaris), também chamado de estorninho-malhado, é um pássaro da família dos esturnídeos, nativo da Eurásia e introduzido na América do Norte, África do Sul, Austrália e Nova Zelândia.<div id="globalWrapper"> <div id="column-content"> <div id="content"> <img src="/images/sturnus_vulgaris.jpg" alt="" /><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Foto Cortesia de COIAC (<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/coiac" title="http://www.flickr.com/photos/coiac" rel="external">http://www.flickr.com/photos/coiac</a>). Foto tomada en Cardielos) </p><h1 class="firstHeading">Estorninho-comum</h1> <div id="bodyContent"> <div id="jump-to-nav">&nbsp;</div> <!-- start content --> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" class="toccolours" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 50%; width: 235px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; clear: right"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center"><span style="position: relative; float: right; font-size: 70%" class="noprint"> </span> <div style="position: relative"><span style="position: relative; float: right; font-size: 70%" class="noprint"><img usemap="#ImageMap_1" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Information-silk.png" border="0" alt="Como ler uma caixa taxon&oacute;mica" width="16" height="16" /></span></div> <font size="3" color="#000099"><strong>Estorninho-comum</strong></font></th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Imagem:Etourneau_Sansonnet_Parc_des_Aiguamolls.jpg" title="Etourneau Sansonnet Parc des Aiguamolls.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Etourneau_Sansonnet_Parc_des_Aiguamolls.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="220" height="165" /></a><br /> </td> </tr> <tr style="background: pink none repeat scroll 0% 50%; text-align: center; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial"> <th> <a href="/wiki/Estado_de_conserva%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Estado de conserva&ccedil;&atilde;o">Estado de conserva&ccedil;&atilde;o</a> </th> </tr> <tr> <td> <div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Imagem:Status_iucn3.1_LC_pt.svg" title="Status iucn3.1 LC pt.svg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Status_iucn3.1_LC_pt.svg/200px-Status_iucn3.1_LC_pt.svg.png" border="0" alt="" width="200" height="53" /></a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Pouco_preocupante" title="Pouco preocupante">Pouco preocupante</a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center"> <th style="background: pink none repeat scroll 0% 50%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial"><strong><a href="/wiki/Classifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Classifica&ccedil;&atilde;o cient&iacute;fica">Classifica&ccedil;&atilde;o cient&iacute;fica</a></strong></th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center"> <td> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" style="margin: 0pt auto; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 50%; text-align: left; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Reino_%28biologia%29" title="Reino (biologia)">Reino</a>:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a>:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata">Chordata</a><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Classe_%28biologia%29" title="Classe (biologia)">Classe</a>:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">Aves</a><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ordem_%28biologia%29" title="Ordem (biologia)">Ordem</a>:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fam%C3%ADlia_%28biologia%29" title="Fam&iacute;lia (biologia)">Fam&iacute;lia</a>:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sturnidae" title="Sturnidae">Sturnidae</a><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_%28biologia%29" title="G&eacute;nero (biologia)">G&eacute;nero</a>:</td> <td><em><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sturnus&amp;action=edit" title="Sturnus" class="new">Sturnus</a></em><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A9cie" title="Esp&eacute;cie">Esp&eacute;cie</a>:</td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><em><strong>S. vulgaris</strong></em></span><br /></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="pink"> <th> <a href="/wiki/Nomenclatura_binomial" title="Nomenclatura binomial">Nome binomial</a> </th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center"> <td><em><strong>Sturnus vulgaris</strong></em><br /> <a href="/wiki/Lineu" title="Lineu">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/1758" title="1758">1758</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>O <strong>estorninho-comum</strong> (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>), tamb&eacute;m chamado de <strong>estorninho-malhado</strong>, &eacute; um p&aacute;ssaro da fam&iacute;lia dos <a href="/wiki/Sturnidae" title="Sturnidae">esturn&iacute;deos</a>, nativo da <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%A1sia" title="Eur&aacute;sia">Eur&aacute;sia</a> e introduzido na <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rica_do_Norte" title="Am&eacute;rica do Norte">Am&eacute;rica do Norte</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%81frica_do_Sul" title="&Aacute;frica do Sul">&Aacute;frica do Sul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Austr&aacute;lia">Austr&aacute;lia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nova_Zel%C3%A2ndia" title="Nova Zel&acirc;ndia">Nova Zel&acirc;ndia</a>.</p> <p>Nidifica, por vezes em grandes col&oacute;nias, em buracos de &aacute;rvores, muros, debaixo das telhas e aceita com facilidade ninhos artificiais. Choca de 4 a 6 ovos.</p> <p>Caminha r&aacute;pida e agitadamente em terrenos abertos, prados e relvados em busca de alimento (insectos e vermes). Pode ser confundido com o <a href="/wiki/Melro-preto" title="Melro-preto">melro-preto</a>, com comportamento e cor semelhante. Tem por&eacute;m a cauda mais curta e o bico de cor amarela menos intensa que o melro.</p> <p>&Eacute; de comportamento greg&aacute;rio e voa em bandos compactos, em interessantes evolu&ccedil;&otilde;es, mudando rapidamente de direc&ccedil;&atilde;o, tal como um cardume de peixes. Com frequ&ecirc;ncia, ap&oacute;s a &eacute;poca de reprodu&ccedil;&atilde;o, oferecem esse espect&aacute;culo tanto no campo como nas grandes cidades.</p> <p>O estorninho-rosado apresenta o corpo branco rosado, as asas, cabe&ccedil;a e cauda pretas e uma pequena crista. Habita o SE da <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>. O estorninho-preto n&atilde;o tem qualquer mancha clara durante o ver&atilde;o ao contr&aacute;rio do malhado, e no inverno apresenta pequenas manchas, menores que as do malhado.</p> <p>Na pen&iacute;nsula Ib&eacute;rica permanecem durante todo o ano os estorninhos-pretos enquanto os malhados s&atilde;o visitantes de inverno. Estes estendem-se por toda a Europa.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li><span style="cursor: help; font-family: monospace; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; font-size: small; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">(<a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_inglesa" title="L&iacute;ngua inglesa">en</a>)</span> BirdLife International (2005). <em><a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.redlist.org/search/details.php?species=51909" title="http://www.redlist.org/search/details.php?species=51909" class="external text">Sturnus vulgaris</a></em>. <em>2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</em>. <a href="/wiki/IUCN" title="IUCN">IUCN</a> 2006. Acesso a 24 de Setembro de 2007.</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp;</p> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 35325/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 6212/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 2326/2048000 bytes #ifexist count: 0/500 --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwiki:pcache:idhash:195527-0!1!0!!pt!2 and timestamp 20080219145541 --> <div class="printfooter"> Obtido em &quot;<a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estorninho-comum"><a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estorninho-comum" title="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estorninho-comum" rel="external">http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estorninho-comum</a></a>&quot;<p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Species: <em><strong>Sturnus vulgaris</strong></em> Linnaeus, 1758</p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="gallery" id="table2"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Common_starling_in_london.jpg" title="Common starling in london.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Common_starling_in_london.jpg/99px-Common_starling_in_london.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="99" height="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; 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width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Sturnus_vulgaris_08.jpg" title="Sturnus vulgaris 08.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Sturnus_vulgaris_08.jpg/120px-Sturnus_vulgaris_08.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="97" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 24px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Sturnus_vulgaris_09.jpg" title="Sturnus vulgaris 09.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Sturnus_vulgaris_09.jpg/120px-Sturnus_vulgaris_09.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="97" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 33px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Sturnusvulgaris_starling_spreeuw.jpg" title="Sturnusvulgaris starling spreeuw.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sturnusvulgaris_starling_spreeuw.jpg/120px-Sturnusvulgaris_starling_spreeuw.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="80" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Sturnusvulgaris_starling_young.jpg" title="Sturnusvulgaris starling young.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sturnusvulgaris_starling_young.jpg/120px-Sturnusvulgaris_starling_young.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="90" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Zugvoegel_hassloch_20051014_662.jpg" title="Zugvoegel hassloch 20051014 662.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Zugvoegel_hassloch_20051014_662.jpg/120px-Zugvoegel_hassloch_20051014_662.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="90" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> starlings, migratory birds<p><!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--></p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 14px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Sturnus_vulgaris_m.jpg" title="Sturnus vulgaris m.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Sturnus_vulgaris_m.jpg/120px-Sturnus_vulgaris_m.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="117" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:European_starling.jpg" title="European starling.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/European_starling.jpg/109px-European_starling.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="109" height="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Nest_In_Grill.jpeg" title="Nest In Grill.jpeg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Nest_In_Grill.jpeg/120px-Nest_In_Grill.jpeg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="90" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Starling_eggs.jpeg" title="Starling eggs.jpeg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Starling_eggs.jpeg/120px-Starling_eggs.jpeg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="90" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:European_Starling.jpg" title="European Starling.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/European_Starling.jpg/107px-European_Starling.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="107" height="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Adult in Winter Plumage<p><!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--></p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:European_Starling_2.jpg" title="European Starling 2.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/European_Starling_2.jpg/101px-European_Starling_2.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="101" height="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Juvenille in First-Winter Plumage<p><!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--></p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Starling_PLoS.png" title="Starling PLoS.png" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Starling_PLoS.png/120px-Starling_PLoS.png" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="90" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:European_starling_eggs.jpg" title="European starling eggs.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/European_starling_eggs.jpg/120px-European_starling_eggs.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="90" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 45px 0pt; width: 150px"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px"> <a href="unsaved:///wiki/Image:Sturnus_vulgaris_map.png" title="Sturnus vulgaris map.png" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sturnus_vulgaris_map.png/120px-Sturnus_vulgaris_map.png" border="0" alt="" width="120" height="56" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Distribution map<p><!-- Pre-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Post-expand include size: 0/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 0/2048000 bytes </p> <ol><li>ifexist count: 0/500 </li></ol> <p>--></p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; 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